Evidence literacy
Levels of evidence, in brief
Why a single paper rarely settles a question, and how evidence is usually weighted.
8 min read
Evidence is usually described as a hierarchy, from in-vitro observations through to systematic reviews of randomised studies. Position in that hierarchy describes study design, not certainty.
This explainer is placeholder editorial copy pending scientific review.
This note describes documentation and analytical practice only; it makes no statement about any compound's use, safety or effect.
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More notes
Documentation
How to read a certificate of analysis
What a certificate reports, what it does not report, and which fields to check first when you receive one.
Analytical methods
Identity confirmation versus purity
Two separate analytical questions that are often reported as if they were one.
Quality systems
What a batch record should contain
The minimum set of fields that allows a batch to be traced and independently checked.